In Bosch’s perfervid vision of Hell, an infinite list of ears wielding a phallic knife assaults the damned, while a hen-beaked bug king with a chamber pot for a crown sits on its throne, devouring the doomed in advance of instantly defecating them out once more. This riot of symbolism is mostly impervious to interpretation, which may account for

Other 19th-century critics, adhering to Rousseau, have approved this differentiation among larger and decreased culture, but have found the refinement and sophistication of substantial culture as corrupting and unnatural developments that obscure and distort men and women's important nature. These critics thought of folk music (as made by "the folk